英汉双关语分类对比研究

A Contrastive Study on the Classification of English and Chinese Puns

作为一种辞格的双关由来已久,历来广受修辞学家和语言学家的关注。有关英汉双关语的独立和对比研究成果颇丰,研究角度涉及哲学、美学、传统的文艺理论、功能语言学、语用学、认知语言学、翻译等领域,但对于英汉双关语的分类对比研究却分析不足,故这一研究视角值得尝试。通过对比发现:英汉语中既有大量共同类型的双关语,又有许多不同类型的双关语。共性是由语言所表达的内容相似和所在的语境相似所决定的,造成差异的主要原因则在于英汉语属于两种独立的语言系统及英汉民族具有不同的概念化方式。英汉双关语的分类对比研究既有利于外语教学和翻译,又有利于跨文化交际。

As a kind of rhetoric, pun has a long history and has been broadly studied by many rhetori- cians and linguists. Research on puns in English and Chinese as well as the contrastive study between them has been related to philosophy, aesthetics, traditional literary theories, functional linguistics, prag- matics, cognitive linguistics, and translation, but contrastive studies on the classification of English and Chinese puns have been rarely made, which makes this research meaningful and useful. The findings are as follows ： there are a lot of common as well as different types of puns in English and Chinese. The simi- larities between English and Chinese puns are due to the similar contents they convey and the similar con- texts on which they depend. The main reasons for the differences lie in that English and Chinese belong to two independent language systems and their respective users have different ways of conceptualization. A contrastive study on the classification of puns is not only conducive to foreign language teaching and trans- lation, but also beneficial to cross- cultural communication.