虚拟现实分散患者注意力减轻下肢血管性溃疡换药疼痛的效果观察

Effects of Virtual Reality on Pain Caused by Dressing Change for Patients with Lower Limb Vascular Ulcer

目的：探讨虚拟现实分散患者注意力对下肢血管性溃疡换药的减痛效果。方法将90例下肢血管性溃疡患者，按首次换药的先后顺序，随机分为观察组和对照组各45例，观察组使用虚拟现实分散注意力，干预过程中患者观看3 D电影，对照组听音乐分散注意力，两组换药采用现有的常规方法由同一名伤口治疗师完成，采用数字疼痛计分尺和国际通用的0～10评分法评估换药时的疼痛及专注程度，并测定血压、心率。结果两组换药中的疼痛评分较换药前均降低，观察组明显低于对照组（P＆lt;0.05），专注评分观察组明显高于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）；两组血压、心率均较换药前平稳（P＆lt;0.05），组间比较基本一致（P＆gt;0.05）。结论虚拟现实和听音乐均能缓解下肢血管性溃疡患者换药时的疼痛，稳定血压、心率，但虚拟现实因能提高专注程度，能获得更好的疼痛控制效果。

Objective To explore the effect of virtual reality on relieving pain caused by dressing change for patients with lower limb vascular ulcer. Methods Ninety cases with lower limb vascular ulcer were divided into control group and observation group. During dressing change, patients in observation group were distracted by virtual reality and those in control group by music. Digital pain score scale was used to evaluate the pain and concentration level meanwhile blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded. Results The pain score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group;the concentration level of patients in observation group was much higher than those in control group and blood pressure and heart rate of two groups were more stable than before. Conclusion Virtual reality and listening to music both can relieve pain and stabilize blood pressure and heart rate and actual reality can effectively control pain through increasing concentration level.