四川省中小学教师职业心理枯竭的特点与对策研究

Research into the Characteristics of Primary and Secondary School Teachers' Job Burnout in Sichuan Province and Countermeasures

目的:描述四川省中小学教师的职业心理枯竭现状,并有针对性地探索有效降低中小学教师职业心理枯竭的对策。方法:采用测量法,对四川省182名中小学教师的职业心理枯竭现状进行测量分析,并系统考察四川省中小学教师职业心理枯竭的特点及对策。结果:四川省中小学教师的职业心理枯竭与参照值相比情况较为严重,主要体现在个人成就感和认知枯竭两个维度上;职业心理枯竭的个人成就感维度在所教年级因素上存在差异;职业心理枯竭的情绪衰竭、去人性化、认知枯竭三个维度在有无辞职想法因素上存在显著差异;职业心理枯竭的个人成就感维度在是否担任班主任因素上存在显著差异。结论:四川省中小学教师的职业心理枯竭状况较为严重,同时教师的职业心理枯竭还具有受多种因素影响和心理枯竭状况普遍存在的新趋势和新特点,亟待社会予以关注。

Objective：to describe the job burnout status of primary and secondary school teachers in Sichuan province,and targeted to ex- plore the countermeasures to effectively reduce the job burnout. Methods： This study adopts the measurement method. About 182 primary and secondary school teachers＇ job burnout status in Sichuan province were measured and the characteristics and countermeasures of primary and secondary school teachers＇ job burnout in Sichuan province were studivd. Results： Primary and secondary school teachers job burnout in Sichuan as compared with the reference value is relatively serious, which is mainly reflected in such two dimensions as the personal accomplishment and cognitive exhaustion;Job burnout of the personal accomplishment varies from grade to grade;Job burnout displays significant differences in emo- tional exhaustion, dehumanization and cognitive exhaustion in the presence of resignation idea factors; Job burnout of the personal accomplish- ment exists significant difference in factors regarding whether the teacher is in charge. Conclusion：Primary and secondary school teachers＇ job burnout status in Sichuan province is severe. Meanwhile teachers＇ job burnout has affected by many factors and the prevalence of new trends and characteristics must be paid attention to.