5株新分离海洋硅藻总脂和脂肪酸组成的比较研究

A comparative study on total lipid and fatty acid composition of five newly isolated marine diatoms

从浙江渔山列岛、朱家尖海域拖网采集浮游植物，采用平板分离法和水滴分离法分离、纯化出5株硅藻，用MAV培养基进行培养，采用Bligh—Dyer法和气相色谱-质谱法，对5株海洋硅藻的总脂及脂肪酸组成进行了分析比较。结果表明：在水温17—25℃，盐度25，自然光照，不充气培养条件下，5株海洋硅藻的总脂含量为15．14％-28．07％，除成对海链藻（Thalassiosirabinata）外，大龙骨藻（Tropidoneismaxima）、咖啡双眉藻（Amphoracoffeaeformis）、曼氏骨奈藻SM-2012—1（Skeletonemamunzelii）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-2（Skeletonemamunzelii）的总脂含量均超过其干重的20％。除咖啡双眉藻的20：4n_6含量高于20：5n4外，其它4株硅藻的20：5n．3在脂肪酸组成中含量较高，达22．04％-27．74％；5株硅藻中C18系列脂肪酸含量较低，为0．13％-7．6％；咖啡双眉藻除外的其它4株硅藻均舍有一定量的22：6n-3（2．40％-3．45％）。最终选出大龙骨藻（Tropidoneis maxima）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-1（Skeletonemamunzelii）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-2（Skeletonemamunzelii）具有开发的潜能。

By the method of tablet and droplet separation, five species of diatoms collected from Zhejiang Yushan islands and Zhujia- jian Sea area were isolated and purified. The isolates were cultured under MAV medium. A comparative analysis of total lipid and fatty acid composition was made by using the methods of Bligh-Dyer and GC-MS. The resuh showed that under the condition of water tem- perature 17 -25~C, salinity 25, natural light and without inflation, total lipid contents of five species of marine diatoms ranged from 15. 14% to 28. 07% , and total lipid content of Tropidoneis maxima, Amphora coffeaeformis, Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-1, Skele- tonema munzdii SM-2012-2 was more than 20% on dry weight except Thalassiosira binata. The high level of 20：5 n-3 in four species of diatoms was from 22.04% to 27.74% except that the content of 20：4 n-6 was higher than that of 20：5 n-3 for Amphora coffeae- formis. A certain amount of 22：6 n-3（2.40% to 3.45% ） was found in four species except Amphora coffeaeformis. Tropidoneis maxi- ma, Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-1 and Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-2 were eventually determined to have the potential for further application.