双偶氮含氟活性染料的合成

Synthesis of bisazo fluorine-containing reactive dyes

以J酸和H酸为原料,经重氮化、酸性偶合、碱性偶合及缩合反应,合成了两大系列四个双偶氮含氟活性染料,并对合成工艺进行了优化,反应时间为3h,pH为4.5～5.0,温度为0～5℃,染料收率达95.2％.检测了其染色性能,分析了染料分子结构与染色性能的关系.实验发现偶合顺序对染料收率影响很大,采用先酸性偶合再碱性偶合工艺得到的染料收率是先碱性后酸性偶合工艺的1.66倍,合成收率达95％以上.在染料分子中引入取代基破坏分子的共平面性、在偶氮键邻位引入磺酸基等吸电子基团将使染料的耐洗牢度、耐光（耐晒）牢度和耐摩擦牢度提高1～2级.

Four bisazo fluorine-containing reactive dyes were designed and synthesized from J acid and H acid by diazotization,acidic coupling reaction,alkaline coupling reaction and condensation reaction.The optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows：the time of reaction 3 h,the value of pH 4.5～5.0,the temperature of reaction 0～5 ℃,and the yield was 95.2％.The dyeing properties and the relationship between the molecular structures and properties were studied.The yield of the bisazo dyes were above 95 ％ by the sequence of acidic coupling reaction then alkaline coupling reaction.The dyeing properties about light fastness and fastness to washing would be improved by introducing electron withdrawing groups at the ortho position of azo bond to destroy the coplanarity of molecules.