传统武术的传承困境与矫正路径研究——以鲁西南地区传统武术为例

Difficulties in Inheritance of Traditional Wushu and Way Out-In View of Traditional Wushu in Southwest Shandong Province

齐鲁武术是中华武术的重要组成部分,而其中在鲁西南地区孕育的传统武术拳种又是重中之重。采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实地访谈法以及逻辑分析法,对鲁西南地区的济宁、菏泽、枣庄三地市的传统武术传承状况进行了研究。研究发现:该地区传统武术传承的主要方式与渠道是学校、民间、专业队以及列为非物质文化遗产,其主要困境来自于当地经济条件的制约、政府职能不能有效发挥、文化环境遭到破坏、缺少传承艺人等。建议鲁西南传统武术的传承应该积极营造利于传承的文化生态环境,加大财政投入,做好传统武术发展的长远规划与管理,优化鲁西南地区传统武术传承的综合方式;立法保障鲁西南地区传统武术的传承。

Wushu in Southwest Shandong Province is an outstanding part of the Chinese Wushu culture, with its Wushu fist style as a kind of intangible cultural heritage. Through literature study, questionnaire, interview and log- ic analysis, the inheritance of traditional Wushu in Jininging, Heze and Zaozhuang was studied, showing that the in- heritance was mainly found in schools, in non-governmental organizations, professional Wushu teams and its pro- tection as non-material cultural heritage. Its development was restricted primarily by lack of funds and supports from the government, the destruction of cultural environment and the loss of inheritors. To solve these problems, it is im- portant to construct cultural ecology beneficial to the inheritance, invest more, make long-term plans and protect the traditional Wushu by law.