成年大鲵实验室饲养及蜕皮和体表粘液收集方法

Feeding an adult giant salamander in laboratory and evaluating methods for mucus and shed collection

目的观察成年大鲵实验室饲养及生长状况，探索物理法刺激大鲵背部皮肤，以收集皮肤粘液和蜕皮。方法实验室进行大鲵饲养，人工投食，换水，增氧，观察记录大鲵摄食量、精神状态、皮肤粘液和蜕皮状况，以及水温、溶氧、水质状况。分别使用电刺激法和直接刮擦法刺激大鲵，收集粘液和蜕皮。结果大鲵在7—11℃摄食量小，反应迟钝，活动度弱；在15～22℃摄食量大，反应敏捷，活动度强。电刺激法，大鲵分泌少量粘液、产生大量的蜕皮；而背部直接刮擦法可以获得大量粘液。刺激实验期间大鲵活动度和摄食量无明显变化，生存状况良好。结论在遵循大鲵习性的条件下，可以在实验室长期饲养大鲵；电刺激法可以获取蜕皮，不适于获取粘液；直接刮擦法是获取粘液的有效方法。

Objective To investigate the growth status of an adult giant salamander in laboratory and find a physical method to collect its mucus and shed （ecdysis） by stimulating the dorsal skin of giant salamander. Methods The giant salamander was fed in a fish tank for one year. We regularly provided food, refresh water and dissolved oxygen to the giant salamander and recorded its food intake, mental status, mucous and shedding sta- tus, water temperature and water quality. Mucus and shed were collected after electrical stimulation and scrape stimulation separately. Results The giant salamander was inactive and eat little when the water temperature was 7 11 ℃. By contrast, it was active and eat much when the water temperature was 15 -22 ℃. We collected little mucus but lots of shed skin by electrical stimulation, and more mucus by scraping. The giant salamander was healthy and did not show obvious changes in activity and feed intake during the experiment. Conclusion It is practicable to feed the giant salamander in laboratory according to its habits and to collect experimental materials （mucus and ecdysis）. Electrical stimulation and scraping are suitable for collection of shedding and mucus, re- spectively.