基于InSAR的济宁矿区沉降精细化监测与分析

Precise monitoring and analysis of the land subsidence in Jining coal mining area based on InSAR technique

针对矿区沉降监测的需求,分析了雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术在济宁矿区沉降精细化监测中的应用.分析了InSAR技术在矿区沉降监测中存在的技术难点,建立了适合于矿区沉降监测的InSAR实用化数据处理流程及方法,提出了由粗到精的精细化监测策略.以济宁矿区为实验区,采用L波段的PALSAR(phased array type L-band synthetic aperture radar)雷达数据和双轨法差分干涉测量方法,构建了6个干涉对,获取了矿区的InSAR形变图,得到了多个由于地下采煤造成的沉降漏斗;对其中的葛亭煤矿进行了精细化分析与解译,生成了矿区沉降的等值线图及三维形变图;采用精密水准数据对InSAR测量结果进行了可靠性及精度的验证.结果表明:L波段雷达数据和双轨法差分干涉测量技术非常适合矿区大形变的沉降监测,其监测精度可以达到厘米级.

According to the demand of mining subsidence monitoring, the radar interferometry （InSAR） technique to precisely monitor the land subsidence in Jining coal mining area was studied. The technical difficulties in monitoring the land subsidence in coal mining area using InSAR technique were analyzed. The practical InSAR data processing flow and methods suit- able for monitoring the coal mining subsidence were established. The monitoring strategy from coarse to fine was proposed. Taking Jining mining area as the experimental area, the L-band Radar data（PALSAR）and two-pass differential InSAR approach were adopted. Six InSAR pairs were constructed to get the land subsidence. The InSAR deformation maps of the mining area were obtained. Some subsidence funnels caused by underground mining were found in the deformation maps. The subsidence in Geting coal mine was analyzed and interpreted in detail. The contour map and 3D deformation map of mining subsidence were generated. The reliability and precision of InSAR monitoring were verified based on precise leveling measurements. The results show that L-band radar data and two-pass differential InSAR is very suitable for monitoring the large deformation in coal mining subsidence. And the monitoring precision can reach centimeter level.