黄蜡果种子的解剖结构

Anatomical Structure of Stauntonia brachyanthera Seed

为了研究黄蜡果种子结构及贮藏物质的组织化学定位,利用细胞学和组织化学等方法观察了黄蜡果种子的解剖结构,并分析了胚、胚乳后含物的类型。结果表明:黄蜡果种子由种皮、胚和胚乳三部分构成,属于双子叶植物有胚乳种子;有发达的胚乳,胚乳细胞的细胞质非常浓厚;成熟胚有两片发育良好且饱满的子叶,子叶比其他双子叶植物种子(如蓖麻)发达;种子含有内外两层种皮,外种皮致密,有一定的光泽度,种皮上覆盖有一定的角质或蜡质;内种皮细胞排列致密与胚乳紧密地相连,且不容易剥离;淀粉主要分布于胚乳和胚根中,蛋白质分布在胚乳、子叶、胚根和胚芽处,油体主要分布在在靠近胚体的胚乳部分(呈U字形),胚和胚乳的其他部分也有分布,但含量相对较低。

In order to study the structure of Stauntonia brachyanthera seed and histochemical localization of storage material of it, the anatomical structure of the Stauntonia brachyanthera seed was observed and the types of ergastic substance in embryo and endosperm were analysed by cytology method and histochemistry method. The results show that the Stauntonia brachyanthera seed is consists of seed coat, embryo and endosperm, belonging to the dicotyledonous endospermic seed; it has developed endosperm with thick cytoplasm; the mature embryo has two pieces of greatly developed cotyledons, and the cotyledons were more developed than other dicotyledonous plants such as castor-oil plant; the seed has two layers of seed coat, of which the episperm is very hard and dense, has certain gloss and covered with a horny or wax, the endothelium arranged in dense, closely connected with the endosperm and is not easy to peel; the starch is mainly distributed in endosperm and radicle of the embryo, the protein is distributed in the endosperm, the cotyledon, the radicle and the germ, and the oil body is mainly distributed in a part of endosperm which is near the embryo （U-shaped）, and also in other parts of the embryo and endosperm, but the content is relatively lower.