5种常用渔药对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性试验

Acute Toxicity of Several Conventional Drugs in Aquaculture to Juvenile Grouper Epinephelus coioides

在盐度19～21,pH 8.09～8.30,水温(29.5±1.5)℃的试验条件下,采用静水生物法,研究了甲醛、聚维酮碘、季铵盐络合碘、三氯异氰尿酸、硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁合剂对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性。结果显示,甲醛、聚维酮碘、季铵盐络合碘、三氯异氰尿酸、硫酸铜与硫酸亚铁合剂等对斜带石斑鱼的24h半致死质量浓度分别为316.084、54.8527、22.502、1.973、12.984mg/L,48h半致死质量浓度分别为290.581、52.3070、21.161、1.839、9.414mg/L,安全质量浓度分别为73.67、14.27、5.614、0.479mg/L和1.485mg/L。试验结果表明,斜带石斑鱼对这5种渔药敏感性差异较大,其中,甲醛、聚维酮碘、季铵盐络合碘和三氯异氰尿酸在实际生产使用量下可放心使用,而硫铜合剂需慎用。

The acute toxicity of five conventional aquacultural drugs including formaldehyde, povidone iodine, quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine, trichloroisocyanuric acid, and CuSO4 ＋ FeSO4 （5 ： 2） to juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides were studied at a salinity of 19-21, pH of 8.09-8.30 and water temperature of （29.5±1.5） ℃ using a static hioassay test. The results showed that the 24 h LCs0 was found to he 316. 084 mg/L for formaldehyde, 54. 8527 mg/L for povidone iodine, 22. 502 mg/L for quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine, 1. 973 mg/L for trichloroisocyanuric acid, and 12. 984 mg/L for CuSO4-t-FeSO4 （5 ： 2）. The 48 h LOs0 was 290. 581 mg/ for formaldehyde L, 52. 3070 mg/L for povidone iodine, 21. 161 mg/L for quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine, 1. 839 mg/L for trichloroisocyanuric acid, and 9. 414 mg/L for CuSO4 ＋ FeSO4 （5 ： 2）, with the safe concentrations of 73.67 mg/L, 14. 27 mg/L, 5. 614 mg/L, 0. 479 rag/L, and 1. 485 rag/L, respectively. The grouper showed sensitivity to these aquacultural drugs significantly. The findings suggest that formaldehyde, povidone iodine, quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine and trichloroisocyanuric acid could be used safely in production, but CuSO4 ＋FeSO4 （5 ： 2） should be used carefully.