循环微小RNA与乳腺癌的研究进展

Research Progress of Circulating MicroRNAs and Breast Cancer

微小RNA(miRNAs)是一类内源性非编码单链微小RNA,参与细胞增殖、分化、凋亡等多种生物学过程。近年来研究发现miRNAs可由细胞内释放到细胞外液,如血清、血浆、组织液及各类体液中,即循环miRNAs。在疾病状态下如乳腺癌,循环miRNAs表达谱发生改变,良好的稳定性及疾病相关性使得miRNAs成为肿瘤等疾病的非创伤性新型生物标志物,是肿瘤诊断与防治的研究热点。现就循环miRNAs与乳腺癌的相关研究进展做一综述。

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a major class of small endogenous noncoding single - stranded RNA molecules, which participate many biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent studies indicate that miRNAs can be released from cells into extracellular fluid, such as serum, plasma, tissue fluid and body fluids, thus circulating miRNAs are formed. The expression profiles of circulating miRNAs change under the condition of diseases like breast cancer. Circulating miRNAs are new noninvasive tumor biomarkers due to good stability and disease association, and it has become a research hot spot in the tumor diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The research progress of circulating miRNAs and breast cancer is reviewed in this paper.