老年期痴呆家庭负担现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Current Status and Influencing Factors Associated with the Family Burden of Senile Dementia

目的探讨老年期痴呆家庭负担现状及其影响因素。方法利用自制一般资料调查表、家庭负担量表(FBS),采用目的抽样,于2011年1月—2012年3月对长沙市已确诊的住院及社区居家老年期痴呆患者的照顾者(190例)进行问卷调查,统计FBS总分。采用多元线性回归分析探讨影响老年期痴呆家庭负担的因素。结果 190例老年期痴呆患者的照顾者中,185例(97.4%)存在不同程度的家庭负担,其FBS总分为(26.7±9.8)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者的疾病严重程度、有无精神行为症状(PBSD)、年龄、退休金及照顾者的自觉健康状况、职业、日均照顾时间是FBS总分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年期痴呆家庭负担较重,且具有普遍性;患者病情越严重、存在PBSD、年龄越小、退休金越少及照顾者的健康状况越差、职业为工人者、照顾时间越多,家庭负担越重。

Objective To study the current status and influencing factors associated with the family burden of senile dementia. Methods Using purposive sampling, a total of 190 caregivers of dementia patients were selected as study subjects from January 2011 to March 2012, the patients were admitted to hospitals or at home in Cbangsha city. Survey was conducted using a self- designed general information questionnaire and Family Burden Scale （FBS） of patient, and total FBS scores were calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors associated with the family burden of senile dementia. Results Family burden of different levels existed in 185 （97.4%） caregivers of dementia patients, FBS total score of the earegivers was （26. 7 ± 9. 8 ） . Multivariate analysis revealed that the influencing factors associated with total FBS score were： severity of dementia, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia （BPSD）, age and pension of the patients, health condition, occupation, and caregiving hours per day of caregivers （ P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion The family burden due to senile dementia is heavy and common. Heavy family burden is associated with more serious dementia, having PBSD, younger age, and less pension of patients, poor health of caregiver, occupation of caregiver is worker, and more caregiving hours.