老年期痴呆患者记忆行为问题的发生现状及照顾者的态度

Memory and Behavior Problems of Patients with Dementia and Attitude of Their Caregivers

目的了解老年期痴呆患者记忆行为问题的发生现状及照顾者的态度,为社区工作人员针对存在不同记忆行为问题的患者及其照顾者进行干预提供参考依据。方法选取2011年4月—2012年3月在湖南省9所三级甲等医院确诊的153对老年期痴呆患者及其主要照顾者为研究对象,采用修订记忆行为问题量表(RMBPC)对153对老年期痴呆患者的记忆行为问题的发生情况及其照顾者的态度进行问卷调查,由老年期痴呆照顾者负责填写。比较患者不同记忆行为问题发生率及其对应的照顾者的态度间的差异。结果在RMBPC的3个维度中,152例(99.3%)患者出现记忆相关问题,137例(89.5%)出现抑郁,136例(88.9%)出现破坏性行为,记忆相关问题发生率均高于抑郁和破坏性行为的发生率(P<0.01)。照顾者在面对患者破坏性行为时的困扰强度〔(1.95±1.13)分〕均高于记忆相关问题、抑郁时的困扰强度〔(0.91±0.76)分和(0.89±0.85)分〕(P<0.01)。应用曲线拟合对患者出现记忆行为问题的例数与照顾者困扰强度的关系进行分析,发现二者可能存在曲线关系(Cubic三次方程曲线的R2值最大,为0.278,F=229.212,P<0.05)。结论几乎所有的老年期痴呆患者会出现记忆相关问题,绝大部分患者出现了抑郁及破坏性行为,其中破坏性行为对照顾者的困扰最大,值得对此群体进行特别的关注。

Objective To investigate the occurrence situation of memory and behavior problems in patients with dementia and relative attitude of their caregivers, and to provide reference evidence to further intervention for patients with different memory and behavior problems and their earegivers. Methods A total of 153 pairs of dementia patients and their primary caregivers were selected as study subjects, the patients were diagnosed in 9 first class tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province from April 2011 to March 2012. The memory and behavior problems of patients and the attitude of their caregivers were evaluated by RMBPC, the RMBPC was completed by caregivers. Then, prevalences of different memory and behavior problems of dementia patients were compared, and different attitudes of their caregivers were also compared. Results In three dimensions of RMBPC, memory - related problems were found among 152 （99. 3% ） cases, depression symptoms were found among 137 （89. 5% ） cases, and disruptive behaviors were found among 136 （88. 9% ） cases, prevalence of memory -related problems was significantly higher than those of disruptive behaviors and depression symptoms （P 〈 0. 01 ） . The distress intensity of caregivers when disruptive behaviors happened （ 1.95 ± 1.13 ） was significantly higher than those when memory - related problems or depression symptoms happened （ 0. 91 ± 0. 76 ） and （ 0. 89 ± 0. 85 ） , respectively 3 （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . The correlation between number of patients with memory and behavior problems and distress intensity of their caregivers was analyzed by curve fitting, and there existed a curve between them R2 （0. 278 ） value of cubic equation curve was the biggest, F = 229. 212, P 〈 0. 05 ] . Conclusion Almost all patients with senile dementia have memory -related problems, most patients have depression symptom and disruptive behavior, disruptive behavior is the main problem which disturb caregivers, the group is worthy of special attention.