基于景观生态的山区风电开发区域生态风险评价

The assessment of regional ecological risks of wind energy exploitation in the mountain area based on landscape ecology

评价山区风电开发的区域生态风险。以景观生态学为切入点,考虑不同类型景观对生态环境的作用及其抗干扰能力,风电开发活动对区域景观的隔离效应,结合山地地表、地质环境和区域景观组分,及山区风电开发活动特征,提出利用景观风险势、隔离效应和生态敏感系数3个指数,构建山地型风电开发生态风险模型。风电开发后,73.44%区域以中级以下风险为主;不足5%的区域为高风险区和极高风险区,主要分布于W1机位东北部和W14-W22段南部;风电开发使研究区生态风险升高,风险变化趋势呈明显的山脊导向特征;高风险影响范围虽有限,但对临近的人类活动易达区域影响较大。

To assess regional ecological risk of wind energy exploitation in the mountain area. Taking the land- scape ecology as a point, considering the function and the anti-interference ability of different types of land- scape in the ecological environment, isolation effect of wind energy exploitation on the regional landscape, meanwhile, combining with mountain surface, geological environment, regional landscape component, and the characteristic of wind energy exploitation, three indexes of landscape risk potential, isolation effect, ecological sensitive coefficient were put forward to design the evaluation model of regional ecological risks of wind energy exploitation in the mountain district. If the design was put into practice, 73.44% of the area will be interme- diate risk and below area; less than 5 % of the area will be high risk area or extremely high risk area, which is in the northeast of W1 and the south of W14-W22 section. Wind energy exploitation will increase regional ecological risk, and the risk change trend will appear obvious ridge orientation features; although the sphere of high risk influence is limited, the neighboring human activities esselte regions will be greatly effected.