序迁与破资:宋朝州级属官群体的司法职能评价

Evaluation of the Judical Promotion System of the State Subordinate Officials in Song Dynasty

宋朝地方最重要的审判级别是州(府、军、监),州级属官是宋朝州级审判中的主体人员,针对宋朝州级属官群体的施政评价中,司法职能考奖是最主要的制度构成部分。宋代对属官群体的任职评价主要分为上、中、下三等,但中等评价成为实际考核的绝大多数,因难分优劣而成为普通级的司法评价,并对应着属官群体漫长的循资历级迁升模式;优秀级司法评价为雪活人命或修订国家法律,最高级司法评价为认定地方完成狱空治理,后两种方式才可以在资格体系中实现地位跳跃,但在宋代这样的机会实属难得因而可贵,所以宋代基层文官作为法官角色是缺少晋升空间的。

In the Song Dynasty local justice, the state （Fu, Jun, Jian） is the most important trial level. The subordinate officials were the main body in the Song Dynasty＇s trial system. The local judge of the Song Dynasty must obtain good administrative evaluation, es- pecially highlight the role of judge then they may be promoted to senior officials. The Song Dynasty＇ s judicial evaluation can be divided into three classes： most people＇s annual assessment ware the medium level, this ordinary judicial evaluation, destined to them to experi- ence a long promotion road; good judicial evaluation include： find injustice or participate in the revision of the national law; in prison, no held a criminal, this is the highest judicial evaluation. The latter two can speed up the way of promotion, but in the Song Dynasty such chance was rare.