熟洋蓟花苞片饲喂肉用型西门塔尔种牛效果及效益分析

Effect and Economic Benefit Analysis of Cooked Artichokes Buds Feeding Semental Cattle

[目的]利用熟洋蓟花苞外层片饲喂肉用型西门塔尔种牛，测量体重增重效果，分析熟洋蓟与玉米青贮作为粗料在相同的饲养环境条件下牛只饲养的经济效益情况。[方法]选取40头8～10月龄的肉用型西门塔尔育成母牛及20头哺乳母牛（犊牛在1月龄内）分别随机分成两组，Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组为育成母牛分别饲喂熟洋蓟和玉米青贮，Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为哺乳母牛分别饲喂熟洋蓟和玉米青贮；粗料按采食量添加，精料和青干草投放量育成牛两组相同、哺乳牛两组相同，犊牛精料均为自由采食，60d后称重。[结果]饲喂熟洋蓟和玉米青贮的Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组育成母牛60d后平均体重及日增重分别为307．72±13．94kg、1154±206g和278．28±17．60kg、711．53±187．43g；Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组哺乳母牛饲喂熟洋蓟和玉米青贮后其犊牛60d后平均体重及日增重分别为119．74±8．87kg、1115．83±247．13g和106．48±11．63kg、960．33±276．65g；差异均显著（P〈0．05）。[结论]分析通过四个组饲喂熟洋蓟和玉米青贮后牛只增重效果，可以看出，Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（犊牛）饲喂熟洋蓟增重效果分别优于饲喂玉米青贮的Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组（犊牛）；随着牛只对熟洋蓟采食量的增加，青干草采食量也有所增加，但精料量同时逐渐减少，到第35d时可完全不喂精料，可大大降低饲料成本，提高经济效益。

[Objective] To analyze the weight increase effects of cooked artichokes bud outer sheet feeding Semen tal cattle, and to study the economic benefit of the cooked artichokes and silage corn as raw material feeding cattle. [Methods] A total of 40 Semental cattle with 8-10 months old and a total of 20 feeding calf with one month old were randomly divided into two groups, respectively. The group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were the 8-10 months old cattle and was fed cooked artichokes and corn silage, respectively. Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were the one month old cattle and were fed the cooked artichokes and corn silage. Coarse material was added according to the intake, but concentrate feeding and green hay quantity was fed equally in all groups except the calf were free to gather the food and weighted after 60 d. [Results] average weight and daily gain of cattle from the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ feeding two months were 307. 72±13. 94 kg,1154±206 g, 278. 28± 17.60 kg, 711. 53 ± 187.43 g, respectively. The average weight and daily gain of cattle from the group Ⅲ and Ⅳ which were fed for 2 months were 119. 74±8. 87 kg,1115. 83±247.13 g,106. 48±11. 63 kg and 960. 33±276. 65 g. There was significant difference between the different groups （P〈0. 05）. [Conclusion]Weight gain effects of Ⅰ group and Ⅲ group （calf） feeding cooked artichokes were better than those of group Ⅱ and Ⅳ group （calf） feeding corn silage. As the feeding cooked artichokes was added, green hay intake also increased, but the fine rate gradually reduced. When it came to the thirty-fifth day, cooked artichokes feeding can greatly reduce feed costs, and increase economic benefits.