中国古代致知思想的特色

Characteristics of the Theory of Knowledge Acquisition in the Ancient Times of China

中国古代的致知思想就是其认识论的思想和理论。中国古代哲学的总体取向和特色是"天人合一",这也叫"一个世界",从体用的视角来说就叫体用一源、体用如一、体用不二、体在用中、即体即用等等。中国古代哲学的这一特点体现、表现在致知思想上,就形成了其思维的整体性、主体性、直觉性、意向性等特点。当然中国古代致知思想的这些特色有其积极的意义和价值,但同时也有不利的一面;思维的真正的整体性等特性理应与"主客二分"的分析性的思维结合起来方能发挥更大的作用。

Chinese ancient theory of knowledge acquisition was actually its cognitive thought and theory. The general orientation of Chinese ancient philosophy was the characteristic conception of ＂man as an integral part of nature＂, which meant practically the one source both for theory and for practice, equivalence between theory and practice, theory in practice, theory equivalent to practice and whatever. This character of Chinese ancient philoso- phy presented itself in the theory of knowledge acquisition, forming the integrity, subjectivity, intuition and volition of its thinking. These characteristics of Chinese ancient philosophy, however, have both advantages and disadvan- tages in meaning and value. For example, the real integrity of thinking cannot play a greater role unless it is com- bined with analytic mode of subjective and objective thinking.