miRNA与常见肝病发生发展关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between miRNAs and Common Liver Diseases

[目的]综述近10年来miRNA与常见肝病发生发展关系的研究进展。[方法]通过文献检索,查阅2003年以来发表的有关miRNA与相关肝病临床研究的文献,总结综述miRNA在肝脏疾病中的调控机制。[结果]miRNA作为转录后水平调节基因,参与机体的各种重要的生理和病理过程。近年发现,miRNA参与调控多种肝病相关基因,其表达量在原发性肝细胞癌、病毒性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、酒精性与非酒精性脂肪肝病等常见肝病的发生发展过程中的有着不同程度的改变。其中部分miRNA的作用机制已经相当明确,暗示一些miRNA可作为相关肝病的治疗靶点应用于临床。[结论]miRNA在肝脏疾病中的调控机制对于肝病的预防和治疗有着重要意义。这些miRNA的发现,为常见肝病的检测,预防,治疗提供了新的思路。但其表达调控网络、生物学功能及其与疾病的关系等仍有许多问题亟待阐明,尚有待做更深入的研究。

[Obiective] To summarize the research development of the relationship between the occurrence and development of common liver diseases and miRNAs by reading and analysing the literature published in recent 10 years. [Method] By literature retrieval, we consult the literature about miRNA and the clinical research of relevant liver diseases since 2003 and summarize the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in liver diseases. [Result] miRNAs regulate the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level, and they are involved in many important biological processes. In recent years, we can find that miRNAs take part in the regulation of many liver disease-related genes, and the expression level in hepatocellular carcinoma, viral hepatitis, liver fibro-sis, cirrhosis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver change in different levels. Part of the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs has been clearly identified, suggesting that miRNAs wil be used as new therapeutic targets for liver diseases. [Conclusion] The regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in liver diseases make a big difference for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. These findings provide some novel thoughts about the detection, study and treat-ment about relevant liver diseases. However, many questions are stil vague and unknown, such as the net of its expression and regulation, its biological functions, and the relationship with liver diseases, and al of them are needed to get further attention.