“五溪蛮”地区“抬狗求雨”民俗仪式的人类学意义

The Anthropological Significances of the Lift-the-Dog-to Pray-for-Rain Rite in the Wu-Xi-Man Area

"五溪蛮"生活于相对封闭的地理空间内,保留了大量具有重大文化意义的民俗仪式。"抬狗求雨"是广泛流行于"五溪蛮"地区的一种民俗仪式,它具有非常明显的人类学意义:首先,"抬狗求雨"体现了"五溪蛮"地区的"槃瓠崇拜","槃瓠崇拜"中有非常明显的"狗"图腾崇拜;其次,它体现了至少在汉代时就十分盛行的"蚩尤崇拜",在汉代时,"蚩尤"神像有非常明显的"狗"元素;最后,"抬狗求雨"民俗仪式又体现了非常明显的狂欢化本质。"抬狗求雨"仪式传达了大量与原始社会相关的文化信息,我们有必要对它进行深刻的认识。

Wu-xi-man lives relatively closedly, they continue to have a large number folk custom rites that with great cultural significances. Lift-the-dog-to pray-for-rain is such a rite, it is prevalent in wu-xi-man area widespreadly, and it has very obvious anthropological significances： first, it reflects Wu-xi-man＇ s Panhu worship, and Panhu worship contains Dog-totem worship; second, it reflects prevalent Chiyou worship which at the least formed in the Han Dynasty, and Chiyou-god contains dog＇ s image; third, Lift-the-dog-to pray-for-rain rite reflects very obvious carnival essence. So, Lift-the-dog-to pray-for-rain rite transmits many primitive communes＇ cultural informations, we have to cognize it deeply.