重庆地区过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征患者规律服药的现状及其对治疗效果的影响

Regular medication of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome in Chongqing and its impact on treatment effect

目的了解重庆地区过敏性鼻炎一哮喘综合征（combinedallergicrhinitisandasthmasyndrome，CARAS）患者规律服药的现状以及观察规律服药对CARAS治疗效果的影响。方法在重庆医科大学附属第一医院呼吸内科及耳鼻喉科门诊收集18～70岁CARAS患者共256例，通过问卷调查的方式了解其中规律服药患者的比例，同时根据疾病确诊情况将256例患者分为3组：仅确诊支气管哮喘（bronchialasthma，BA）者为I组，仅确诊过敏性鼻炎（allergicrhinitis，AR）者为Ⅱ组，BA和AR均得到确诊者为Ⅲ组，根据患者的服药情况将各组分为规律服药和未规律服药两个亚组，分别比较各规律服药亚组和未规律服药亚组的治疗效果有无差异。结果所有CARAS患者中坚持规律服药的患者仅占36．72％，I组的规律服药亚组和未规律服药亚组的BA控制率分别是45．71％和4．41％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=23．52，P〈0．05）；Ⅱ组的规律服药亚组和未规律服药亚组的AR控制率分别是61．54％和21．47％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=8．64，P〈0．05）；Ill组的规律服药亚组和未规律服药亚组总的临床控制率分别为45．。0％和4．65％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=12．75，P〈0．05），对：BA和AR控制率分别进行比较差异有统计学意义（x2BA=13．08，P〈0．05；x2AR=24．63，P〈O．05）。结论目前重庆地区大部分CARAS患者未规律服药，而坚持规律服药有助于疾病的控制。只有坚持规范、长期、规律的药物治疗才能有效控制上、下气道炎症、减少急性发作、提高生活质量和改善预后。

Objective To study the state of regular medication of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome （CARAS） in Chongqing, as well as to observe its impact on treatment effect. Methods Two hundred and fifty-six cases aging from 18 to 70 years old with bronchial asthma and （or） allergic rhinitis were collected in the outpatient department of respiratory medicine and otolaryngology. We used questionnaire to Study the ratio of patients adhering to regular medication. And the 256 cases were divided into three groups according to the diagnosis：only confirmed BA for Ⅰ group, only confirmed AR for Ⅱ group, BA and AR were both diagnosed for Ⅲ group. And according to patients＇ medication compliance, each group was divided into two subgroups： regular medication （RM） subgroup and irregular medication （IRM） subgroup, comparing the difference of the clinical control rate between the subgroups respectively. Results Patients adhering to regular medication just aecouted for 36.72% （94/256）. The BA control rates of RM and IRM subgoups in Group I were 45.71% and 4.41%, between which there was significant difference（ x2 =23.52, P （0.05）. The AR control rates of RM and IRM subgoups in Group H were 61.54% and 21.47%, between which there was significant difference （x2 =8.64, P 0.05）. The general clinical control rates of RM and IRM subgoups in Group Ⅲ were 45.00% and 4.65%, between which there was significant difference （ x2= 12.75, P 〈 0.05）. And There were significant differences between the two subgroups of Group Ⅲin BA control and AR control respectively （ x2 BA== l 3.08, P 〈0.05 ;x2 AR= 2,1.63, P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The majority of the CARAS patients did not take regular medication in Chongqing. Regular medication can help control symptoms. Only insisting on standard regular medication could get good clinical control and improve life quality in CARAS patients.