考虑轮轴、盘轴过盈装配的车轴应力分析

ANALYSIS ON STRENGTH OF AXLE CONSIDERING WHEEL /AXLE,DISK /SHAFT INTERFERENCE ASSEMBLE

列车车轴的强度直接关系着列车的安全、舒适和稳定,因此,准确分析车轴的应力及强度显得十分重要。针对我国尚未制订高速列车车轴强度设计方法的现状,遵循日本JIS-E-4501规范标准中的加载方式,采用有限元软件Abaqus的非线性功能完成CRH2动车组非动力车轴的有限元分析,重点考虑了轮轴、盘轴的过盈配合量对车轴应力分布及静强度的影响。分析结果表明:轮轴、盘轴过盈量相同,过盈量取值不大于0.30 mm时,车轴强度满足静强度要求;过盈量越大,各截面的von Mises应力越大;在轮轴、盘轴配合处的两端,存在较大的应力集中,过盈量越大,应力集中情况越明显,对车轴静强度的影响越大;轮轴、盘轴过盈量取值不同时,在过盈配合处的两端von Mises应力相互之间几乎没有影响。

The safety, comfortability and stabilization of a train are directly related with strength of the axle. And therefore, an accurate analysis for stress and strength of the axle is very important. For the current situation in China that the high-speed train axle strength design methods have not yet been developed, in this paper, the finite element analysis of non-power axle on CRH2 EMU is completed using the nonlinear function of FEM software-Abaqus, the loading method of axle follows the normative standard of Japan JIS-E - 4501, the influence of the value of interference fit of wheel/axle ＆ disk/shaft for stress distribution and static strength of the axle is mainly considered. The results show that： when the value of interference fit of wheel/axle ＆ disk/ shaft is same, the axle intensity can meet the requirement while the value is not greater than the 0.30ram; the greater the magnitudes of interference, the larger von Mises stress in each section; there is a large stress concentration at the two ends of the wheel/axle ＆＆ disk/shaft fits, the larger the magnitudes of interference, the more obviousness stress concentration, the greater impact on static strength of the axle. When the value of interference fit of wheel/axle ＆ disk/shaft is different; the yon Mises stress of both ends of fit surface has almost no effect to each other.