2010—2012年江阴市职业性锰危害哨点监测结果

Sentinel surveillance report of occupational manganese hazard in Jiangyin City from 2010-2012

目的调查江阴市焊接作业场所职业性锰危害现状及趋势，为制定锰中毒防治策略和措施提供科学根据。方法以个体采样方法采集空气中锰，采用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行分析；并检测劳动者尿锰，以确定劳动者锰接触水平。结果共检测工作场所空气中锰样品628个，超标率为34．2％；时间加权平均（TWA）浓度为0．398（0．008—12．768）mg／m2。辖区内企业锰暴露人群的尿锰水平为6．47μg/L，随着作业岗位空气中锰浓度增加、工龄增长，劳动者尿锰水平有增高的现象，但差异无统计学意义（x2=0．04和x2=0．16，均P〉0．05）。结论该市焊接作业锰接触哨点企业应加强职业卫生管理，改善工作环境，降低工作场所空气中锰浓度，以保障工人的健康。

[ Objective ] To research the status and trends of occupational manganese hazard in welding workplace in Jiangyin City, provide the scientific basis for developing the strategies and measures to prevent the manganese poisoning. [ Methods] The samples of manganese in the air of workplaces were collected by personal sampling method, and the concentration of manganese was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. The manganese contents in urine of the exposed workers were detected to determine the levels of occupational manganese exposure in workers. [ Results ] A total of 628 manganese samples in the air of work- places were detected, the over standard rate was 34.2%, and the average TWA was 0. 398 （0. 008-12. 768 } mg/m3. The average manganese contents in urine of the exposed workers was 6.47 μg/L, which increased with the increasing of manganese contents in the air of workplaces, as well as the length of service, but the differences were not significant （ X2 = 0.04, P 〉 0.05 ; X2 = 0. 16, P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion] In order to protect the health of welders, the sentinel enterprises of manganese exposure should strengthen occupational health management, improve the environment of workplaces, and reduce the concentration of manganese in the air.