流体-固体两相流的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLUID-SOLID TWO-PHASE FLOWS

鉴于流体 -固体两相流及其数值模拟在化学工程中愈来愈广泛的应用 ,本文综述了Euler坐标系下流体相湍流模型、颗粒轨道模型以及流体 -颗粒双流体模型的基本原理和数值模拟方法 ;对相间耦合和颗粒间的相互作用也进行了介绍 ,特别是对能详细描述多颗粒间相互作用的颗粒离散单元法在流体 -固体两相流中的应用进行了详细描述 ;在评述各模型的优缺点和分析目前存在的问题的基础上 。

Numerical simulation of fluid-solid two-phase flows is reviewed There are two approaches (Lagrangian approach and Eulerian approach) typically used for modeling fluid-solid flows. The former treats the fluid phase as continuous phase and the solid phase as dispersed phase and predicts the particle trajectories in the fluid phase as the results of forces acting on particles. The latter treats the solid as a certain kind of continuum and solves two continuum equations for both fluid and solid phase. At first, as the basis of fluid-solid two-phase flow, several turbulence models, such as Reynolds Association Numerical Simulation (RANS), Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Discrete Vortex Simulation (DVS), for the continuous fluid phase are summarized, and the mechanisms of RANS are discussed in detail. In the Lagrangian approach, a particle kinetic equation is presented and the importance of each force acting on a particle is discussed. For a flow with dense particles, various interaction models between particles are discussed, among which the Distinct Element Method (DEM) newly developed from rock deformation study is particularly described, and the new method shows great predicting ability. In the Eulerian approach, the basis equations for the solid and fluid phases as well as their numerical treatments are presented. To close the turbulence and phase related equations, calculation of solid phase viscosity and pressure are discussed respectively. Finally, a k-Ε-kp model and model derived from kinetic theory of granular flow are especially introduced. As a complement, a discussion of one-way coupling and two-way coupling between fluid and solid phase is included. Based on the review of the advantages and disadvantages of all models, the existing problems and the future development direction of fluid-solid two phase flow are given as conclusions.