中国江河流域管理体制的改革模式及其比较

Study and Comparison on Reforming Models in China's Major River-basin Management-System

流域管理与行政区域管理相结合是流域管理体制改革的基本方向。近年来,在这一方向指引下,中国各江河流域纷纷探索具体的改革之路。文章选取珠江、辽河、长江三大流域作为研究对象,深入分析了它们分别以"平等协商"、"统一集中"和"有选择性集中"方式实现流域管理与区域行政管理相结合的体制改革特色,进而总结了这些改革中的共同趋势与经验:即因地制宜设立流域管理体制、完善配套法制、提升流域管理机构的作用与地位、搭建多方参与的平台机制。这些经验能为全国其他流域管理体制改革提供一定的参考和示范。

In order to implement the water-resources＇ management-system identified by new ＂water law＂ in a com- bination of watershed management and regional administrative management, each fiver basin explores the road of man- agement-system reforming. In this paper, the Pearl River, Liaohe River, and the Yangtze River, as the analysis object, we studies on their approach to combining watershed management and regional administrative management by ＂equal communicating＂, ＂centralized＂ and ＂selective focus＂ and their features in management- system reforming and then sum- marizes the common trends and experiences in the three fiver-basin＇ s management-system： To establish a watershed management-system according to local conditions, improve the construction of the supporting legal-system, enhance the role and status of river-basin experiences can be taken as management-institutions, to build muhi-stakeholder platform and mechanism. The reforming reference and demonstration to other watershed management.