典型预处理对生物质物流成本影响分析

Research of the Effect of Typical Preprocessing on Cost of Biomass Logistics

生物质物流成本偏高制约了我国生物质发电发展。分析了生物质燃料物流成本构成，并结合不同生物质预处理工艺，把原料供应分成4种模式：直接收集模式、破碎模式、打包模式和固化成型模式。结果表明：成本从低到高依次为收集中心打包模式、破碎模式、固化成型模式和直接收集模式，预处理直接影响后期运输到电厂的费用以及装卸费用，相比直接收集模式成本节约很多。秸秆收集成本与收集中心到电厂距离呈正比关系，当运输距离小于26 km时，宜采用破碎方式；运输距离在26～80 km时，采用打包模式；大于80 km时，适宜采用固化成型预处理模式。

The development of Chinese biomass power generation is restricted by the high logistics cost of biofuel. This article analyzes the fuel logistics cost structure of biomass power plant,and divides the supply of biomass into four modes：direct collection mode,crushing mode,packing mode and curing mode. The results shows that：the collection costs ranking from low to high are packing mode,crushing mode,curing mode and direct collection mode. The pretreatments directly affect the cost of transport to the plant,loading and unloading charges,which ef-fectively reduce the costs compared to the direct collection mode. Straw collection cost is proportional to the dis-tance from collection center to the power plant. When the transport distance is less than 26km,the crushing pre-treatment should be adopted,When the transport distance is between 26 and 80km,it is better to choose the collec-tion center packing mode. When distance is greater than 80km,pre-curing mode is more effective.