铁路特等客运站蜚蠊防制对策研究

Study on the Cockroach Control Strategy at Top-Grade Railway Passenger Station

目的 :通过对蜚蠊种群、栖息生境和不同场所不同灭蟑方法灭效的调查研究 ,探讨铁路特等客运站的蜚蠊防制对策。方法 :采用以环境防制为主 ,加强监测、分类实施、重点防制等综合防制措施。结果 :措施实施后2年各场所与实施前相比 ,蜚蠊成、若虫密度分别降低 77.99%～ 90 .2 6 %和 77.48%～ 98.2 4% ,卵鞘密度分别降低85 .0 0 %～ 10 0 %和 10 0 % ;不同场所一次用药后 3、7、15、30d蜚蠊成、若虫密度分别降低 6 6 .6 7%～ 88.89%、74.11%～ 88.0 0 %、70 .0 0 %～ 79.0 7%和 70 .5 9%～ 75 .71% ;重点部位蜚蠊成、若虫密度从实施前平均密度的 2 .38～ 2 .93倍 ,分别降为 1.16～ 1.30倍和 0 .38～ 1.18倍 ;而且减少了用药量 ,降低了灭蟑经费。结论 :有效地控制了蜚蠊滋生繁殖 。

Objective: To explore the cockroach control strategy at top-grade railway passenger station by observing the species, habitats of the cockroach and studying the effects of varied cockroach-killing methods at different sites. Methods: The integrated procedures included principal environmental improvement together with intensifying survey, appropriate cockroach-killing ways in different sites and focusing on the key places. Result: The cockroach density reduced by 77.99 %～ 90.26 % and 77.48 %- 98.24 % at different surroundings, respectively in 1998 and 1999 in comparison with that of 1997's, before applying the integrated procedures, and the ovum density dropped to 0- 0.03 and 0 respectively. The cockroach density of some sites cut down on 66.67 %- 88.89 %, 74.11 %- 88.00 %, 70.00 %- 79.07 % and 70.59 %- 75.71 %, respectively at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after spraying pesticide as comparing with that of when cockroach-proof steps hasn't been taken. The pivots cockroach density was 1.16 - 1.30 and 0.38 - 1.18 times the average while strengthening the cockroach killing of pivots in comparison with 2.38 - 2.93 times of the contrast. At the same time the amount of insecticide decreased and the fund was saved. Conclusion: Promising efficiency on cockroach control was gained at top-grade railway passenger station, some social and economic benefits were obtained.