安徽省2010～2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance on Adverse Events Following Immunization with vaccine in Anhui,2010～2011

目的分析安徽省2010~2011年疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）的发生特征,评价预防接种的安全性。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2010~2011年安徽省疑似预防接种异常反应监测资料进行分析。结果安徽省2010~2011年共报告AEFI2 608例,报告的AEFI中≤1岁组最多、1 047例、占40.15%,男女性别比为1.5：1,AEFI报告主要集中在6~9月份,即2010年麻疹强化和2011年流脑疫苗观察性研究期间,接种疫苗以后时间间隔为1天内发生的AEFI最多、为2 268例、占86.96%,2010年报告一般反应567例、异常反应53例、接种事故1例、偶合症34例,2011年报告一般反应1 847例、异常反应93例、偶合症12例、心因性反应1例;两年AEFI疫苗分布中最多的百白破（无细胞）疫苗占27.73%、报告发生率1.84/10万剂,安徽省48h内发生率和调查率分别是94.51%和98.4%。结论 AEFI常发生在1岁以内的儿童,强化免疫或群体性接种时期、接种后1d内发生AEFI最多。预防接种异常反应报告发生率均在预期发生范围内。

Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following Immunization（AEFI） in Anhui province and evaluate the immunization safety.Methods The descriptive epidemiology was adopted to analyze the 2010~2011 AEFI data in Anhui province.Results A total of 2 608 AEFI cases were reported in Anhui province during the 2010~2011.Among them,1047 cases were aged≤1 year and accounted for 40.15%,the sex ratio of male and female was 1.5： 1.The occurrence peak was observed from June to September.AEFI cases were mainly reported≤1 day after vaccination of measles intensive immunization in 2010 and meningitis immunization in 2011,including 2 268 cases,accounting for 86.96%.567 cases with general reaction,53 cases with abnormal reaction,1 case with inoculation accident and 34 cases with coincidental reaction were reported in 2010.1 847 cases with general reaction,93 cases with abnormal reaction,12 cases with coincidental reaction,1 case with injection reaction were reported in 2011.Adverse reactions induced by DPT（cell-free） were the mainly AEFI（27.73%）,the reporting rate was 1.84 per 100 000 population.The total reported rate and investigated rate within 48h was 94.51% and 98.4%.Conclusion AEFI often occurred in infants,supplementary immunization,mass campaign immunity period and within 1 day after vaccination.The estimated reporting rate of AEFI was not over the expected.