中低温煤焦油中酚类化合物的柱层析分离

Column Chromatography Isolation of Phenolic Compounds in the Low Temperature Coal Tar

以陕北中低温煤焦油重油170℃～240℃馏分酚油为原料,考察硅胶柱层析对酚类化合物的分离效果.按照洗脱剂极性从小到大次序,依次使用11种洗脱剂进行洗脱,将洗脱出的溶液进行GC/MS分析,结果表明：硅胶柱层析在各种洗脱剂的洗脱下,分别得到了从高级酚到低级酚的酚类化合物分布,在正庚烷与乙酸乙酯（10：1）混合溶剂、正庚烷与乙酸乙酯（1：1）混合溶剂洗脱下,均得到了低级酚的混合物;在正庚烷与乙酸乙酯（1：10）混合溶剂洗脱下,得到了苯酚单一的化合物.通过实验分析可知,柱层析分离方法是中低温煤焦油中酚类化合物分离的有效途径之一.

Silica gel column chromatography was used to investigate the separating effect of the phenolic compounds at 170 ℃--240 ℃ crude phenols （H-tar） of the low temperature coal tar. 11 kinds of eluent were used by polarity re- spectively. The elution fractions were analyzed by GC/MS. The result showed that the distribution from low-rank phenols to high-rank phenols was obtained by silica gel column chromatography. There were all low-rank phenols in the elution fractions at heptane ＆ ethyl acetate （10：1） and 1：1 eluent. There was a single phenol compound in the elution fraction at heptane ＆ ethyl acetate （1：10） eluent. Therefore, column chromatography was one of the effective ways to separate pheno- lic compounds from the low temperature coal tar.