美国院前急救医患沟通“十条金律”解析

The Analysis of Ten Golden Rules of Communicating with Patients during Prehospital Emergency Care in America

医患沟通的能力和技巧是院前急救人员必备的重要素养之一,与院前急救服务的效率和质量密切相关。在美国急救医疗服务体系中,普遍遵循医患沟通"十条金律",包括:(1)保持职业化状态;(2)始终保持与患者目光接触;(3)给予患者恰当的称呼;(4)使用患者听得懂的语言;(5)保持恰当的语速、语调和语气;(6)与他人谈论患者病情务必谨慎;(7)当心自身的肢体语言;(8)给患者留下回答问题或反应的时间;(9)告诉患者病情真相;(10)注重与特殊群体的沟通。本文简要解析了"十条金律"的内涵与意义,对我国院前急救人员或有借鉴意义。

The ability and skill of communicating with patients are one of accomplishments for emergency medical personal, closely related with the efficiency and quality of prehospital emergency care. The emergency medical personal abide by the ten golden rules of communicating with patients in emergency medical service system in America. The ten golden rules include： （1）Act and speak in a professional manner. （2）Make and keep eye contact with the patient at all time. （3）Use the patient＇s proper name. （4）Use the language that the patient can understand, （5）Use the proper speed,tone and tune of speaking. （6）Be careful of what you tell others about the patient. （7）Be aware of your body language. （8）Allow time for the patient to answer or respond to your questions. （9）Tell the patient the truth. （10）Emphasize communicating with special patients . This paper analyzed the ten golden rules of communicating with patients, which may be beneficial and referential for emergency medical personal in our country.