前倾坐姿下办公椅腰臀部承托舒适性的研究

Comfort and supporting ability of waist and haunch by using office chair in forward sitting position

前倾坐姿是工作状态下保持时间最长的坐姿。该坐姿条件下,腰背部支撑不足则容易造成低背部椎间盘病变并出现疼痛症状,因此,办公椅的相关承托性设计尤为重要。提取办公椅承托系统中最重要的4个承托因素,即座深、坐垫倾角、腰垫高度、腰垫倾角,进行正交试验。结果表明,腰臀部体压分布指标和主观舒适感评价指标能较全面地反映前倾坐姿舒适感。由极差法提取针对各因素的关键指标,使讨论具体而统一。与普通办公椅相比,适当前倾的坐垫和略微偏低的腰垫将提高前倾坐姿的舒适性。

The office chair＇s supporting ability is important, especially in forward sitting position, because forward sitting position is mostly used in daily work and it is easy to get low back disc lesions for lack of low back support. The four important supporting factors such as concerning seat cushion depth, angle, waist cushion height and angle were tested by orthogonal design. Experimental results showed that comfortable sensation of forward sitting could be perfectly measured by body pressure measuring indicator and subjective evaluation indi- cator. Discussing is specific and unified as the result of key indicator collected by range method. Proper leaning of seating cushion and slightly lower waist cushion would improve forward sitting comfort compared with normal office chair.