红足蒿挥发油的微波辅助-水蒸气蒸馏萃取及GC-MS分析

Extraction by Microwave-assisted Hydro-distillation and GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Oil from Artemisia Rubripes Nakai

目的研究微波辅助-水蒸气蒸馏萃取红足蒿挥发油的方法。方法以单因素实验及正交试验方法优化微波辅助萃取挥发油的条件,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析其化学成分。结果微波辅助-水蒸气蒸馏萃取红足蒿挥发油的优化条件为:微波功率480 W、料液比1∶10、浸泡时间4 h。在此条件下微波加热萃取29 min红足蒿挥发油的收率达0.29%,明显高于水蒸气蒸馏3 h的收率(0.23%)。挥发油的GC-MS分析鉴定出61个化合物,主要有石竹烯(13.85%)、樟脑(11.51%)、桉树脑(9.84%)、石竹烯氧化物(4.80%)、大根香叶烯D(3.99%)、α-芹子烯(3.47%)、1-松油烯-4-醇(2.50%)、桉叶-7(11)-烯-4-醇(2.50%)。与水蒸气蒸馏法相比,微波辅助萃取挥发油的成分和其相对含量基本一致,但也存在差异。结论微波辅助-水蒸气蒸馏萃取法具有时间短、提取率高的优点,适合红足蒿挥发油的提取。

OBJECTIVE The method of extraction of volatile oil from Artemisia rubripes Nakai by microwave-assisted steam distillation（MAE-SD） was developed in this work. METHODS The extraction conditions were optimized by single factor firstly and then orthogonal array design methods. And the chemical compositions of samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. RESULTS The optimal extraction conditions of MAE-SD were： microwave power at 480 W, solid/liquid ratio at 1：10 g.mL-1, and water-soaked time for 4 h. Under this condition, the yield of volatile oil obtained by MAE-SD was 0.29% with extraction time of 29 min, which was obviously higher than that of 0.23% obtained by steam distillation （SD） for 3 h. Sixty-one compounds had been identified by GC-MS. The main components of volatile oil were caryophyllene（13.85%）, alcanfor（11.51%）, cineole（9.84%）, caryophyllene oxide（4.80%）, germacrene D（3.99%）, ？-selinene（3.47%）, 1-terpinen-4-ol（2.50%）, eudesm-7（11）-en-4-ol（2.50%）. Compared with SD, the main constituents and the relative contents of volatile oil were basically similar, but there were also some differences between them. CONCLUSION MAE-SD had the advantage of efficiency, and it was suitable for the extraction of volatile oil from Artemisia rubripes Nakai.