大型核电机组涉网保护与电网安全自动装置的协调控制原则

Coordination and Control Principle Between Grid-related Protection of Large-scale Nuclear Units and Security Automatic Devices of Power Grids

针对中国目前应用最为广泛的压水堆核电机组,分析了核电机组涉网保护与电网安全运行的相互作用和影响,提出了核电机组涉网保护与电网安全自动装置的协调控制原则。在全过程动态仿真程序已有的压水堆核电机组模型基础上,研究了电网电压、频率扰动引起的核电机组和电网的动态特性,着重分析了超速保护、过励限制和保护、频率异常保护、主泵保护等涉网保护和电网高频切机、低频减载等安全自动装置的动作特性、相互影响及其协调关系。结合实际电网算例,验证了相应的协调配合原则,为核电厂及其所接入电网参数整定、定值优化及协调控制等提供了参考。

In light of the most widely used pressurized water reactor（PWR）nuclear power units（NPUs）in China,the interaction and mutual influence between grid-related generator protection of nuclear power plants and automatic security devices of power grids are analyzed,and the coordination and control principle between them is proposed.Based on the existing models for PWR NPUs in PSD-FDS,the dynamic performance of NPUs and power grids due to voltage and frequency disturbance are studied.Then the action performance of grid-related generator protection（such as the over-speed protection, over-excitation limitation and protection,abnormal frequency protection,and primary pump protection）and automatic security devices（such as generator tripping at a high frequency and load shedding at a low frequency）are analyzed,as well as the mutual influence and coordination between them.Finally,the coordination principle is validated with case studies based on an actual power grid.The principle can be used as a reference for the study of coordination control and parameter optimization for nuclear power plants and the power grid connected.