感悟格罗皮乌斯的责任和大众情怀——重温“包豪斯”的现实启示

Comprehending Gropius' s Sense of Responsibility and Consciousness of the Masses: the Realistic Enlightenments of Reviewing Bauhaus

格罗皮乌斯是现代主义建筑学派的奠基人之一,是包豪斯学院首任校长。文章通过回顾包豪斯诞生的历史背景,解读包豪斯校舍的设计思想及其表现手法,阐述了现代主义建筑的起源、发展和对现代设计艺术的影响。深刻剖析了我国当前建筑设计中存在的文脉根基和灵魂缺失、创新意识和思想贫乏、拼贴和模仿泛滥、批评准则混乱和格调低下的建筑层出不穷等问题,指出重温格罗皮乌斯的责任感和大众情怀,建筑功能、技术和效益不可偏废的现代主义建筑思想,仍然具有迫切的现实意义。

Gropius, one of the founders of the modernism architecture, is the first principal of the Bauhaus School. By reviewing the historical background of the birth of the Bauhaus school and by deciphering the design ideas of Bauhaus building and its technique of expression, this paper expatiates upon the origin, development of the modernism architecture and the influence on modern architectural and art design. The authors deeply dissected the existing drawbacks in Chinese current architecture design, such as lack of context root and soul, poor of innovation consciousness and thought, copy and imitation being in flood, chaos of criticism criterion, vulgar buildings emerging in an endless stream and so on, pointed out that reviewing Gropius＇s modernism architecture thought, including the sense of responsibility and the consciousness of the masses, also including that the building function, technology and benefit cannot do one and neglect the other, still has the urgent realistic meaning.