LNG船舶泄漏及事故后果预测研究

Research on Spills from LNG Carriers and Forecast of Accident Consequences

根据LNG的物理属性及泄漏的高危险性,绘制了典型LNG接收终端流程,建立了LNG泄漏速率的模型。以一艘具有5个储罐的双层船壳的薄膜型LNG船舶为例,探讨了内层泄漏口等效直径为0.1m、外层泄漏口等效直径为2m时的泄漏状况。将LNG船舶的泄漏行为分为海平面以上、海平面以下两种情况进行了详细的分析,总结了两种情况下的泄漏规律。根据泄漏口与水面的距离不同,以具体数值为例,对两种情况下的泄漏进行了详细的阐述,探讨了船体内部蒸汽密度的改变,分析计算了水的成冰范围以及储罐内的压强,并对事故的后果进行了预测。

According to the physical properties and the leakage risk of LNG, this paper drawed the typical process of LNG receiving terminal and established the leakage rate model. Taking a double-hull membrane-type LNG ship with five tank as a spill example case, the leakage situations of equivalent diameter 0. 1 m of inner tank and 2 m of outer tank were discussed. Two conditions were researched, that is the event of underwater penetration of a double-hull ship with only the outer wail, both outer hull and LNG tank breached, and the leakage rules were respectively summarized. Based on the dif- ferent distances between the leakage and the water surface, the two cases with real numerical values were described in detail. LNG development in initial response period and LNG evaporation adding to hull pressure were analyzed. The range of ice was also researched,and we forecasted the accident consequences in the end.