印度高等教育私营化:进退两难的战略抉择

Privitation of Higher Education in India: A Strategic Choice in a Dilemma

印度私立高等教育源远流长,一直是独立后印度高等教育体系的重要组成部分。面对高等教育大众化的潮流和广大民众对高等教育的需求,印度政府难以承担大规模扩张高等教育所带来的沉重的经费负担,不得不放宽对高等院校办学主体的限制,使得办学质量广受质疑的私立高等教育获得了迅猛的发展。印度高等教育质量总体上一直在低水平上徘徊,质量难以保证的私立高等教育的快速发展必将使这一局面雪上加霜。

Private higher education has a long origin and has been an important component of the post-inde- pendent higher educational system in India. Under the circumstances of the pressure of higher education massifi- cation and the increasing demand for higher education, the Indian Govemment found difficult to bear the heavy fi- nancial burden caused by the expansion of higher education and it had to relax restrictions on the bodies who could run higher educational institutions. This transformation led to the rapid development of private higher edu- cation whose quality was widely queried. The quality of higher education in India has generally been hovering at a lower level, and the fast development of private higher education whose quality is difficult to be guaranteed will worsen the situation.