地形因子对浅山丘陵区土地利用类型分布与转换的影响——以燕山浅山丘陵区为例

Influences of Topographic on Distribution and Change of Land Use Types in Hilly Region-Taking Yanshan Hilly Region as an Example

以遥感数据和数字高程模型(DEM)为基础,运用GIS分析了2000与2010年燕山浅山丘陵区的土地利用类型在高程、坡度、坡向3个地形因子不同区间的分布和转换特征。结果表明,高程和坡度对土地利用类型的分布有明显的影响,坡向影响力较弱。土地利用类型分布指数在高程和坡度上变化规律相似,耕地和建设用地的分布指数随高程或坡度的增大迅速减小,优势分部区间为高程≤500m或坡度≤5°,草地的分布指数随高程或坡度的增大先增加后减小,优势分部区间为高程500-1500m或坡度5°-15°,林地的分布指数随高程或坡度增大缓慢增加,优势区间为高程>800m或坡度>5°;2000-2010年期间,土地利用类型转换在高程≤500m和坡度≤5°区间耕地向建设用地转换占到了较大比重,在坡度>25°区间以林地向草地转换为主,在剩余高程和坡度区间以及各坡向区间都以草地向林地转换为主。

This paper analyze the land use types distribution and change in different topographic regions from 2000 to 2010 in hilly region by GIS, taking elevation, slope and aspect as topographical factors, based on the remote sensing data and the digital elevation model（DEM）. The result indicated that, elevation and slope influence land use types distribution obviously, aspect does not, the advantage distribution regions of cropland and construction land are in elevation below 500 m and slope below 5 ° ; the advantage distribution regions of grass land are in elevation beyond 500 m and below 1500 m and slope beyond 5° and below 15°; th6 advantage distribution regions of forest are in elevation beyond 800 m and slope beyond 5 °. Land use types change of cropland to construction land have accounted for a large proportion in regions of elevation below 500 m and slope below 5°, land use types change of grass land to forest have the largest proportion in other regions.