拉萨市农村地区老年人健康现状调查

Health status of aging people in rural area of Lhasa city

目的了解西藏拉萨市农村地区老年人健康状况,为对其进行健康教育和卫生保健工作提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取拉萨市17个行政村的298名年龄≥60岁的老年人为研究对象,由经过统一培训的调查员进行入户面访问卷调查。结果拉萨市农村地区≥60岁老年人中文盲占79.2%(236/298);2周患病率为45.6%(136/298),慢性病患病率为42.6%(127/298);慢性病患病率居前5位的疾病依次是关节炎[37.0%(47/127)]、高血压[26.8%(34/127)]、心脏病[18.9%(24/127)]、胃肠炎[13.4(17/127)]、胆道疾病[8.7%(11/127)];男性农村老年人不饮酒或偶尔饮酒的频率为79.8%(75/94),低于女性的94.6%(193/204);男性农村老年人吸烟率为43.6%(41/94),高于女性的25.0%(51/204);男性农村老年人饮酒、吸烟情况均高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=14.390、10.451,P<0.01);女性农村老年人参加过体检者占22.1%(45/204),高于男性的10.6%(10/94),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.844,P<0.05)。结论拉萨市农村地区老年人的健康状况不容乐观,今后应大力开展健康教育与健康促进,提倡健康的行为生活方式。

AObjective To examine health status of aging people in rural area of Lhasa city for the improvement of health education and health care in aging people. Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to select 298 people aged 60 years or older from 17 villages in Lhasa city. Trained interviewers administered face-to-face survey in the elder people. Results Among the elderly,79. 2% （236/298）were illiterate and 42. 6% （ 127/298）had chronic disea- ses with a two-week illness prevalence of 45.5%. The top five diseases in the eldenly with chronic diseases were arthritis （ 37.0% ,47/127 ）, hypertension （ 26. 8%, 34/127 ）, heart disease （ 18. 9%, 24/127 ）, gastroenteritis （ 13.4%, 17/127 ）, and biliary tract disease（8.7% ,11/127）. The rates of smoking and alcohol drinking were higher in men than in women.The rate of physical examination （22. 1% ） in the rural women was higher than in the men with a significant defference （X2 = 4. 844, P 〈 0. 005 ）. Conclusion The physical condition of elderly people in the rural of Lhasa is not good and health education on healthy life style should be promoted among the population.