四川巴中农村老年人生活质量及其影响因素

Quality of life and its influencing factors among the elderly in rural Bazhong of Sichuan province

目的了解四川巴中农村老年人生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法以村为抽样单位，整群随机抽取四川省巴中市8个村共1183名农村老年人为研究对象，采用自行编制的健康状况问卷及健康调查简表（sF-36）进行匿名面访调查并分析生活质量影响因素。结果1183名农村老年人生活质量总得分为（63．55±15．36）分（95％CI=62．67～64．42），生理健康得分为（62．23±17．00）分（95％CI=61．26～63．20），心理健康得分为（64．56±16．92）分（95％CI=63．60～65．53）。各维度得分从低到高依次为：一般健康状况（56．32±17．46）分、精力（59．12±19．32）分、生理职能（59．55±30．15）分、生理机能（62．35±23．00）分、精神健康（62．78±19．67）分、情感职能（67．75132．97）分、社会功能（72．75±21．80）分、躯体疼痛（74．65±21．53）分。多因素分析结果显示，四川巴中农村老年人生理健康得分的影响因素为年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、近2周是否患病、居住方式、生活满意度和社会支持程度7个因素；心理健康得分的影响因素为年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、经济状况、近2周是否患病、是否患慢性病、居住方式、生活满意度、社会支持程度和子女孝顺程度11个因素。结论巴中市农村老年人生活质量较差，多种人口学特征及其他因素均可影响其生活质量。

Objective To investigate the status of quality of life （QOL） and its influencing factors among rural eld- erly in rural Bazhong of Sichuan province. Methods A total of 1 183 elderly persons from 8 villages were selected with random cluster sampling. The quality of life was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Item Short Form Health Survey （SF-36）. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on demography,health status and relevant factors simultaneously. Results The total QOL score of the subjects was 63.55 ± 15.36 （95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 62. 67 -64. 42） and the scores for physical health and mental health were 62. 23 ± 17.00 （95% CI = 61.26 - 63.20） and 64. 56 ± 16. 92 （ 95 % CI = 63.60 - 65.53 ）, respectively. The scores for dimensions from to low high were 56.32 ± 17. 46 for general health,59. 12 ± 19.32 for vitality,59. 55 ± 30. 15 for role-physical,62. 35 ± 23.00 for physical function,62. 78 ± 19. 67 for mental health,67. 75 ± 32.97 for role-emotional,72. 75 ± 21.80 for social functio- ning, and 74.65 ± 21.53 for bodily pain, respectively. Multivaritate analyses suggested that age, education, mar status, ill- ness within two weeks, living style, life satisfaction, and social support degree affected physical component summary score ; age, gender, education, marital status, economic status, illnesses within two weeks, chronic disease, living style, life satisfaction, social support degree and children filial piety degree influenced mental component summary score. Conclu- sion This survey showed that the QOL of rural elderly in rural Bazhong of Sichuan province was poor and several de- mographic factors and other determinants could affect the QOL of the elderly.