紫锥菊的形态学性状、分布高度与质量相关性研究

Correlation Study on Morphology,Distribution of Elevation and Quality of Echinacea purpurea

目的:探讨紫锥菊形态学、分布高度与内在质量的相关性,为优良品种的选育积累资料。方法:测量不同表型紫锥菊样品的形态学性状数据,采用高效液相色谱法测定样品中咖啡酸衍生物的含量,用比色法测定样品中总多酚的含量,并对样品形态学性状与质量进行相关性分析。结果:不同表型紫锥菊样品在形态学性状与质量上均存在差异:(1)各有效成分含量几乎均与植株的海拔高度成负相关,尤以菊苣酸显著。(2)形态学性状中,咖啡酸含量与株高、花序托高度之间呈正相关;绿原酸含量与花序托高度之间呈正相关;单咖啡酰酒石酸含量与株高呈正相关;菊苣酸含量与花序托高宽比呈正相关。结论:高海拔不利于紫锥菊有效成分的积累;株高、花序托高度与花序托高宽比可作为初步判断紫锥菊药材质量的表型性状。本试验可为田间紫锥菊优良种质的筛选提供理论基础。

OBJECTIVE ： To investigate the correlation of morphology, distribution of elevation and inner quality of Echinacea purpurea, and to provide information for the breeding of good varieties. METHODS ： The morphology trait data of different phenotype of E. purpurea were measured; the contents of caffeic acid derivative in sample were determined by HPLC, and the content of total polyphenol was determined by colorimetry. The correlation of morphology trait and quality was analyzed. RESULTS： Different phenotypes of E. purpurea were different in morphology trait and quality. （1） There was a negative correlation between effective component content and altitude, especially for cichoric acid; （2） In morphology trait, there was a positive correlation between the content of caffeic acid and plant height, the height of flower head; there was positive correlation between the content of chlorogenic acid and the height of flower head; there was positive correlation between the content of monocaffeyltartaric acid and plant height; there was positive correlation between the content of cichoric acid and the depth-width ratio of flower head. CONCLUSIONS： High altitude is not suitable for effective composition accumulation of E. purpurea. Plant height, the height of flower head and the depth-width ratio of flower head can be used to determine the quality of E. purpurea primarily. The trial provides a theoretical foundation for good germplasm screening of E. purpurea.