时间隐喻在时刻水平上的表盘模拟表征

The Study on the Temporal Metaphor at the Level of Moment: Clock Face Simulation

探讨时间隐喻在时刻水平上的表盘模拟表征。包括两个实验,实验1考察静态的时刻知觉是否会借助具体的表盘进行表征,对静态时刻的知觉是否会影响空间知觉;实验2通过加工不同的时刻变化及对旋转图形的判断,考察动态时刻的加工是否产生表盘指针的旋转模拟。结果表明,具体时刻的时间隐喻模式表现为表盘模拟,不同于年、月、日等时间的直线型的时间隐喻;加工变化的时刻是以心理旋转的方式进行的,这种加工方式会影响空间知觉。

This study used the temporal moment reaction and spatial interference methodology paradigm to explore the specific mecha nisms that are involved in our processing of temporal moment. The experimental material involved temporal moments and spatial targets. Temporal moments were expressed as military hours and minutes in the form of 9：15 Experiment 1 used the Chineseexpression of temporal moments. The spatial target was a block spot, while the spatial target changed into mental rotation in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1 participants indicated whether hours greater or less than 12 o61ock, or minutes greater or less than 30. Following each decision, they identified a target at the left or fight of the visual field. We analyzed the results by SPSS18.0. When comparing the reaction time of minutes from different reaction keys, we found a significant effect under the different position consistency of minutes on clock face and the reaction key, but found no difference when different forms of material were indicated. Participants indicated the mi nutes faster when their clock face spatial position was congruent with the reaction key than when it was incongruent. While analyzing spatial reaction time, we found no difference when different spatial targets wore identified. In Experiment 2, participants did some counting just as ahead of 10 or 20 minutes and waited 10 or 20 minutes before indicating. Comparing the reaction time of minutes, we found no difference from different counting types. Comparing the spatial reaction time from different rotary directions of counting andcounting conditions of mental rotation under 10 and 20 minutes, we found significant effect un der the 20 minutes counting condition ; participants identified the targets faster when their rotate direction was congruent with the count ing direction of pointer on the clock face than when it was incongruent. It means that temporal moment processing may interfere with spatial processing, while there is no difference under the 10 minutes condition. These results show that our thinking about temporal moments may automatically simulate the spatial clock face, and support the hy pothesis that attention is driven to the clock face simulation congruent with the location of the moment. It demonstrates that moment con cepts are grounded in sensory motor processing, and consequently direct spatial attention to the clock face simulation. The temporal metaphor model is diverse, unlike the linear type in previous studies ; it is circular just as the clock face for expressing temporal mo ments. When we think about the variations of temporal moments, the fresh mechanism is mental rotation just like rotary pointer base on the clock face.