日常情绪的社会分享对情绪的影响

Effects of Daily Social Sharing of Emotion on Daily Affect

日常情绪的社会分享对情绪有怎样的影响,以往研究结论并不一致。本研究从社会分享的信息层面和感受层面以及当天情绪体验等方面收集了47名大学生和研究生被试7天共314份日志记录,使用多层线性模型进行分析,结果表明:(1)积极分享和消极分享都能显著正向预测当日的积极情绪,但是不能预测当日的消极情绪;(2)感受的分享(包括积极感受和消极感受)显著正向预测当日的积极情绪,信息的分享不能预测当日的积极情绪;(3)抑郁水平、性别和消极事件分享倾向会影响分享消极感受的水平对积极情绪的正向预测。结论:无论是积极感受分享还是消极感受分享都能提升积极情绪,但是不能改善负性情绪;消极感受分享对积极情绪的提升作用存在个体差异。

Research on social sharing of emotion suggested that talking about positive events were related to high - lightened positive af- fect, above and beyond the impact of the positive event itself （a phenomenon called capitalization）. However, no significant affect changing was observed after sharing negative events. This study examined the relationship between social sharing of positive and negative events and daily affect, and considered the sharing level of daily events in two aspects： the sharing of information and the sharing of feelings. The authors＇purposes were to examine whether＇the capitalization effect existed across nations, and whether communicating negative feelings with others was associated with increased daily positive or negative affect. A total of 47 under - graduate and graduate students completed 314 daily diaries at the end of the day for a week. In the diaries, participants briefly described the most positive and stressful experience they had today and then rated the positivity and negativity of the experience on a 5 - point scale. Sharing level of daily events was measured by a two - item composite （ one is about information and the other is about feelings, both measured on a 5 -point scale）. Daily positive and negative emotions were assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule （PANAS）. All day - level data was analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. The results were ： （ 1 ） both positive sharing and negative sharing positively predicted daily positive affect （p 〈. 01 ）, but could not predict daily negative affect. （2） It was the sharing of feelings （both the positive and the negative）, not the sharing of information that positively predicted daily positive affect （p 〈. 01 ）. （3） The participants sex, depression level and distress disclosure index mediated the increasing of positive affect elicited by sharing of negative feelings （p 〈. 05）. From the results we concluded that either sharing of positive feeling or negative feeling could improve daily positive affect, but could not predict daily negative affect. These findings first confirmed the capitalization effect of social sharing among Chinese partici- pants in a daily context. Secondly, there was an individual difference in the increasing of positive affect elicited by sharing of negative feelings. In general the social sharing of emotion has been linked to improvement of positive affect. This may be because social sharing of emotion allows one to receive validation and reassurance from others while building interpersonal relationships. The fact that level of depression reduces the improving effect of the social sharing of negative feelings on positive affect may be due to the deficiency in social skill for depression. In order to improve positive affect and weaken the negative affect in the social sharing of emotion, it is necessary for the individuals to improve social skills and et a supportive environment and Positive feedback durin the shnrin.