近代华资银行分支机构区位选择对绩效的影响

Impact of Location Choice of Branches of Modern Chinese Banks on Their Performance

近代华资银行业呈现出明显的空间集聚特征。对银行而言,集聚经济发达区域能够显著提高自身的绩效。文章运用中国近代银行业数据,通过构建反映银行分支行空间地理分布特征的区位指数,考察区位因素对银行绩效的影响。结果发现:首先,分支行的区位因素对不同类型银行的绩效有不同的影响。商业储蓄银行绩效更易受区位因素的影响,而区位因素对省市立银行的影响则不显著。其次,忽略区位因素,不能准确评价分支行数量对银行绩效的影响。这为当今民营银行的设点分布及中国的银行业改革提供了借鉴意义。

Modern Chinese banking was obviously featured by spatial agglomeration.As for some banks,spatial agglomeration in developed regions would improve their performance significantly.Using the data of modern Chinese banking,this paper explores the influence of the location of bank branches on bank performance by constructing a location index which reflects the spatial distribution characteristics of bank branches.It reaches the following results:firstly,the location of bank branches has different effects on the performance of different types of banks;the performance of commercial and saving banks is more susceptible to location factors which have no significant effects on provincial and municipal banks;secondly,the evaluation of the impact of the number of bank branches on bank performance without the consideration of location factors is not accurate.The conclusions provide some enlightenment for the location of private banks and banking reform in China.