区际CO_2排放不平等性及与收入差距的关系研究——基于中国省际数据的分析

Regional inequality in CO_2 emissions and its relationship with income inequality——based on the analysis of China's provincial data

运用经典的不平等性测度方法计算了1990-2011年间我国收入差距和CO2排放分布差异性,发现:22年间,我国地区间CO2排放分布比GDP分布更为不平等,但两种不平等性程度都在逐渐降低;通过拟基尼系数建立起CO2排放分布与GDP分布之间的联系,发现:以人均GDP排序的省际间人均CO2排放分布较其自身分布更为公平,且比GDP分布更平等,这意味着高排放与高收入并不总是一一对应的,主要原因在于地区间以碳排放强度为代表的减排技术水平存在较大差异;然而,以收入分组进行Theil指数分解的结果显示:高收入组对GDP分布和人均CO2排放分布的贡献较大,而中高收入组对碳排放强度分布差异性的贡献最高,降低地区间碳排放分布的不平等性不仅需要缩小地区间的发展差距,同时更依赖于地区间节能减排技术的交流与合作。

Using the classical methods of inequality measurement,this paper calculated the inequality in regional income and CO2 emissions from 1990 to 2011.During this period,China＇s regional distribution of CO2 emissions is more inequal than that of income,but the degree of these two inequalities are gradually reducing.Through the Quasi-Gini coefficient,the relationship between income and CO2 emissions is set up,from which we found that by the rank of per capita GDP,regional distribution of CO2 emissions per capita is more fair not only than its own distribution,but also than the income distribution.This concludes that high income is not always correspongding with high emissions-the main reason may be the difference in regional carbon reductin technology,the carbon intensity as well.However,grouped by income,Theil index and its decomposition shows differently：the high income group＇s contribution to the GDP and CO2 per capita distribution is the largest,and the second high income group＇s contribution to the carbon intensity distribution is the highest,so in order to reduce reginoal carbon distribution inequality,it not only needs to narrow regional economic development gap,but also depends on regional emissions reduction technology exchanges and coorperation.