当代民俗学国际化的语境与经验——解读重走印欧文化圈的欧洲民俗学者

The Internationalization of Folkloristics: the Context and the Target

现代民俗学国际化起步于20世纪80年代后期,由芬兰民俗学巨匠劳里·航克开拓,北欧诸国的民俗学者追随之并继续推进。他们将印度作为国际化研究基地,研究全球化语境中富有文化差异性的民俗。这种国际化有两个目标,一是建立国际民俗学者的合作机构,二是建立民俗学研究生教育的国际化基地。爱沙尼亚塔尔图大学对文化差异性的研究在不同国家高校之间合作进行,它主要与印度高校合作。这种国际化的研究方式能拓宽各国民俗学者的眼界,使民俗学者在全球化环境中放眼世界,打破"本土性"的边界,了解当今的活态民俗。不同国家的民俗学高校师生在一起工作,还能促进彼此认识对方的学术传统,互相学习,然后发展本土的民俗学研究。

Abstract：In the earlier 1980th, Professor Lauri Honk initiated the internationalization of modern folkloristics and he was followed by the Northern European folklorists. What the European folklorists contributed in this aspect was to establish the international bases of the fieldwork in India for both field research and professional training for younger generation of the folklorists who came from different countries. The Department of Estonian and Compar- ative Folklore, University of Tartu, has established contacts with several centers and winter schools of folklore studies in India and all these ties have led to close co-operation, such as the University of Tartu has been the co- organizer of the international symposiums of the ISFNR that were held in some Universities in North-Eastern In- dia during recent three years, etc. Such co-operation between folklorists who study cultures as different as Estoni- an and various regional cultures of India is useful for both sides as it enables to reach broader the understanding of living folklore and to learn from each other＇s research traditions.