藏鸡的有丝分裂观察及染色体核型分析

Mitosis Observation and Chromosome Karyotype Analysis of Tibet Chicken

试验采用直接骨髓法制备林芝藏鸡染色体,通过显微自动成像系统观察藏鸡细胞有丝分裂全过程,包括间期、早前期、前期、中期、后期和末期,并分析了藏鸡有丝分裂过程染色体的形态变化规律。通过比较有丝分裂各期的形态,结果发现藏鸡有丝分裂的前期染色体伸展最长,碱基暴露最多,适合于做基因定位工作。同时进行了藏鸡染色体的核型分析,数据统计结果发现林芝地区藏鸡染色体数目2n=78,其中前5对染色体和性染色体中有3对中央着丝粒(m)染色体、1对近中着丝粒(sm)染色体、2对端着丝粒(t)染色体。与前人试验结果进行了比较,结果显示存在一定差异,原因仍需进一步试验验证。

Tibet chicken from Linzhi were used to study their mitosis observation and karyotype by preparing chromosomes with direct bone marrow.Through a microscope the mitotic progression including the interphase, early protophase, protophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase of Tibet chicken and the change of mitotic progression could be observed. By comparing various periods， the chromosome in early protophase stretched the longest and the bases exposed to the most.The early protophase mitotic progression of Tibet chicken was better suit for gene mapping. Meanwhile,the karyotype of Tibet chicken was studied. Experimental results showed that the chromosome number （2n） of Tibet chicken was 78 and there were three pairs of metacentric chromosomes,a pair of submetacentric chromosomes and two pairs of telocentric chromosomes in five pairs of chromosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes which had been analyzed. The results were different from previous, and causes of the result needed more researches.