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建立动物心衰模型的方法及意义 被引量:14

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摘要 心力衰竭是各种心脏结构或功能性疾病导致心室充盈或射血能力受损而引起的一组综合征,临床表现主要是呼吸困难和无力而致体力活动受限和水肿。目前,心力衰竭已成为全球主要致死原因之一。据世界卫生组织公布的资料,目前全球心衰患者的数量已高达2250万以上,仍以每年200万的速度递增。在我国,根据中华医学会心血管病学分会估算,我国成年人心衰的患病率为0.9%,其中男性为0.7%,女性为1.0%,目前35~74岁成年人中约有400万的心衰患者,并呈逐年上升趋势。在现有的医学措施干预下,大约仍有50%的患者会在5年内出现严重并发症,危及生命。心力衰竭患者5年病死率男性达75%,女性达42%,与癌症患者5年病死率相近。由于心衰的发病率与病死率较高,且尚无特别理想的解决办法,这就需要建立更好的实验模型,以了解疾病进程及研究新的治疗方法。一个心衰模型不可能完美重现疾病的各个方面,所以亟待解决建立理想的急、慢性心衰模型,以研究不同的病理过程。目前建立心衰模型主要有容量超负荷、压力超负荷、快速起搏、心肌梗死及药物毒性等方法,为总结各种心衰模型的建立方法及各自为疾病认识所做的贡献,综述如下。
作者 耿阳 刘学刚
出处 《中华全科医学》 2014年第2期282-285,共4页 Chinese Journal of General Practice
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