滤器植入加置管溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的护理

Nursing care for patients undergoing filter implantation with catheter-directed thrombolysis treatment for deep venous thrombosis

目的探讨滤器植入加经胫后静脉导管溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的护理方法及效果。方法对15例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者采取下腔静脉滤器植入及置管溶栓术治疗,对其进行密切的观察和精心的护理。重点是做好患者的心理护理及健康宣教,加强一般护理,重视导管溶栓治疗期间的护理,加强并发症的观察,给予详细的出院指导。结果本组15例患者置管溶栓治疗下肢髂股静脉、腘静脉、胫后静脉血栓基本溶解,无肺动脉栓塞发生,无手术后死亡病例,1例术前合并肺动脉栓塞者临床症状消失。结论下腔静脉滤器植入及置管溶栓术是治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成安全有效的方法,通过细致入微的观察和严密周到的护理可提高溶栓治疗的效果,降低并发症的发生率。

Abstract：Objective To summary the nursing care for patients deep venous thrombosis（DVT） undergoing filter implan- tation and catheter-directed thrombolysis treatment. Methods The IVC filter implantation and catheter-directed throm- bolysis treatment were performed in 15 cases of DVT. All cases were undertook close observation and meticulous care. Em- phasis was put on getting the patient＇ s psychological care and health education, strengthening general care, paying more attentions on thrombolysis catheter care, observing and preventing the complications, giving detailed discharge. Results Thrombolysis in iliofemoral vein, popliteal vein and posterior tibial vein was dissolved in the main. There were no pulmona- ry embolism and postoperative death. The preoperative clinical symptoms on one case of pulmonary emholism disappeared after the treatment. Conclusion Inferior vena cava filter implantation and catheter-directed thromholysis is a safe and effective way in the treatment of lower limbs deep venous thrombosis. The meticulous observation and rigorous attentive care can improve the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy and reduce the incidence of complications.