羊草遗传多样性的研究

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN ANEUROLEPIDIUM CHINENSE

本文运用光镜和电镜技术 ,对不同土壤条件下 7个羊草种群营养体形态结构进行了观察。在此基础上 ,运用 RAPD技术 ,对 7个羊草种群的遗传多样性进行了研究 ,分析了遗传多样性与环境因子的相关关系。结果表明 :1) 7个羊草种群根的结构与盐碱土型羊草结构相似 ;茎的结构与黑钙土型羊草结构相似 ;叶的结构呈现黑钙土型羊草结构和盐碱土型羊草结构之间的过渡类型。 2 )羊草种群的遗传多态性非常高。 5 3个引物在 7个羊草种群中共检测到 36 5条扩增片段 ,多态带 30 3条 ,多态率达到 83.0 1%。特有带 12 1条 ,占 33.2 1%。 3) 7个羊草种群之间的遗传距离变异范围为 0 .2 349～ 0 .6 16 6 ,聚类分析表明这 7个种群可分为 3组。 4)多态位点百分数与土壤有机质、全氮含量呈现比较大的负相关 ;特有带百分数与土壤镁离子、钙离子呈现较大的负相关 ;遗传距离值与土壤的电导率。

The anatomy of vegetative plants Aneurolepidium chinense sourced from seven populations growing under differing soil conditions was examined using optical microscopy and SEM.The genetic diversity of these populations was also studied,and the correlation between genetic diversity and soil factors was analyzed.The results indicated that:1) The seven populations were similar to saline-alkali soil type populations in their root structure, and to chernozem soil type populations in their stem structure.The structure of leaves was a transition type between that typical of chernozem soil and that of saline-alkali soil.2) Genetic polymorphism of A. chinense populations was high.Amplification of 53 random primers revealed 365 amplified fragments of which 303 (83.01%) were polymorphic and 121 (33.21%) unique.3) The genetic distance among the seven populations varied from 0.2349 to 0.6166 and cluster analysis identified three distinct groups.4) The average number of polymorphic loci was negatively correlated with soil organic matter and total nitrogen content.The average number of unique fragments correlated negatively with soil Mg and Ca concentrations,while values of genetic distance variation was correlated positively with conductivity and aqueous Na concentration.