高校国防生心理韧性和幸福感的特点与关系

Characteristic and Relationship Between Resilience and Sense of Happiness in National Defense Student of Higher Education Institution

目的探讨高校国防生心理韧性和幸福感的特点与关系。方法采用问卷法对390名国防生进行调查。结果国防生心理韧性的平均分为(3.74±0.43),所有因子的总均分均高于普通大学生;幸福感总分平均为(76.15±11.08)。不同年级国防生心理韧性总分和情绪稳定、朋友支持、家人支持等因子得分差异有统计学意义(F=2.15,P<0.01)。城镇出生的国防生幸福感得分为(77.68±11.69),农村为(75.24±10.65),差异有统计学意义(t=1.98,P<0.05);不同年级国防生幸福感总分差异有统计学意义(F=4.15,P<0.01)。国防生心理韧性的所有因子均与幸福感呈显著正相关,自我效能、自我接纳、情绪稳定、家人支持等因子是预测国防生幸福感的主要因素。结论高校国防生心理韧性和幸福感的总体水平较好,不同年级和城乡出生地国防生的幸福感存在差异,心理韧性可以有效预测国防生的幸福感。

Objective To probe into the characteristics and relationships between resilience and sense of happi- ness in national defense students of higher education institutions. Method A survey of 390 national defense students was conducted using questionnaire. Results Average score of resilience in national defense students was（3.74±0.43）, and average total score of all factors was higher than that of ordinary university students. The average total score of sense of happiness was （76.15 ±11.08）. The differences between total scores on re- silience of national defense students from different grades and scores on such factors as emotional stability, friend support and family support were statistically significant （F= 2.15, P〈0.01）. Score on sense of happi- ness in national defense students born in urban area was （77.68±11.69） while that of students born in rural ar- ea was （75.24±10.65）, and the differences were statistically significant （t=1.98,P〈0.05）. Differences in to- tal scores on sense of happiness of national defense students from different grades were statistically significant （F = 4.15, P 〈0.01）. All resilience factors of national defense students were positively correlated with sense of happiness. Self-efficacy, self-acceptance, emotional stability and family support were major predictive factors of sense of happiness in national defense students. Conclusion Overall level of resilience and sense of happi- ness in national defense students of higher education institutions is good. There is a difference in sense of hap- piness between national defense students from different grades and different places of birth. Resilience can ef- fectively predict the sense of happiness in national defense students.