婚检HIV阳性人群干预效果分析

Analysis of Intervention Effect on People with HIV Positive in Their Premarital Examinations

目的了解婚检者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)阳性人群实施干预后,预防HIV婚内配偶性传播和母婴传播的效果。方法对广西防城港市防城区2011-2012年21例婚前医学检查人群确认HIV抗体阳性者及其配偶实施综合干预措施。结果 21例患者干预前无1例告知对方病情,也未使用安全套。干预后,17例主动告知对方病情,告知率80.95%;坚持使用安全套的有17对夫妻,使用率80.95%。13例确诊患者自愿接受抗病毒药物治疗,占61.94%。5例孕妇为未知情下怀孕,均在指定母婴阻断单位分娩。新生儿出生后均选择人工喂养,全都使用了抗病毒药物,满周岁时HIV检测均为阴性。21例患者确诊后1年,11例未离婚者中8例配偶未检测出HIV抗体,3例配偶拒绝检测。结论对婚检HIV抗体阳性人群实施综合性干预措施,可降低HIV配偶间及母婴传播的发生率,实行的预防配偶及母婴传播综合措施是有效的。

Objective To observe the effect of preventing marital spouse and mother-to-fetus transmission of HIV after the intervention of people carrying human immunodefieiency virus （HIV） positive. Method 21 ca- ses of people with confirmed HIV positive in their premarital medical examinations received in Fangeheng dis- trict from 2011 to 2012 and their spouses were adopted integrated intervention. Results Before the interven- tion, none of 21 cases of patients informed their spouses of their disease and used condoms. After the interven- tion, 17 of them informed their spouses on their own initiative with a informing rate of 80.95%; 17 couples kept using condoms with a utilization rate of 80.95%. 13 patients voluntarily accepted the treatment of antiviral drugs, accounting for 61.94%. Five women got pregnant without the knowledge of their disease and had speci- fied delivery for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission （PMTCT） of HIV. The newborns were given artificial feeding with the use of antiviral drugs and their HIV tests were negative when they were one year old. One year after the diagnosis, eight spouses of 11 non-divorced couples were tested no HIV antibodies and three spouses refused to take the test. Conclusion The integrated intervention of people with HIV positive can re- duce its incidence in spouse and mother-to-fetus transmission of HIV and the preventive measures of its spouse and mother-to-fetus transmission are effective.